Patient Details
Anthropometry and Biomarkers
OGTT Inputs
Date
H/O Diabetes
Visit Info
| Analyte | Fasting | 30 min | 60 min | 120 min |
|---|
| Glucose mg/dL | | | | |
| Insulin µU/mL | | | | |
Graph Preview — Glucose Curve
Graph Preview — Insulin Curve
Composite Insulin Resistance
β-Cell Compensation (Disposition Index)
1. Index Definitions
| Index |
Domain |
Description |
| OGTT Insulin Secretion (%) | β-cell response | Relative insulin secretory response during OGTT compared with the internal normal reference AUC-insulin. |
| Composite OGTT Insulin Resistance (%) | Integrated insulin resistance | Composite index derived from the product of glucose exposure and insulin exposure during OGTT. |
| OGTT Glucose-based DI (gbDI) % | β-cell compensation | Glucose-based disposition index reflecting adequacy of β-cell compensation relative to glycemic excursion. |
| HOMA1-S | Fasting insulin sensitivity | Classical fasting estimate of insulin resistance based on fasting glucose and fasting insulin. |
| HOMA1-IR | Fasting insulin resistance | Reciprocal fasting estimate of insulin resistance based on fasting glucose and fasting insulin. |
| HOMA1-B | Fasting β-cell function | Basal β-cell function index derived from fasting insulin relative to fasting glucose. |
| HOMA1-DI | Fasting β-cell compensation | Disposition-type fasting compensation index obtained as the product of HOMA1-B and HOMA1-S. |
| Area Under Curve (Glucose) | Glycemic exposure | Total glucose exposure across fasting, 30, 60, and 120 minute OGTT values by trapezoidal integration. |
| Area Under Curve (Insulin) | Insulin exposure | Total insulin exposure across fasting, 30, 60, and 120 minute OGTT values by trapezoidal integration. |
| Matsuda Insulin Sensitivity | Whole-body insulin sensitivity | Dynamic index incorporating fasting and post-load glucose and insulin values to estimate whole-body insulin sensitivity. |
| ISSI-2 | OGTT disposition index | Insulin Secretion-Sensitivity Index-2; combines insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity into a dynamic β-cell compensation measure. |
2. Formula / Derivation
| Index | Formula |
|---|
| Area Under Curve (Glucose) | AUCg = [15(G0+G30) + 15(G30+G60) + 30(G60+G120)] / 60 |
| Area Under Curve (Insulin) | AUCi = [15(I0+I30) + 15(I30+I60) + 30(I60+I120)] / 60 |
| OGTT Insulin Secretion (%) | (AUCi / 105.425) × 100 |
| Composite OGTT Insulin Resistance (%) | [(AUCg × AUCi) / 22798] × 100 |
| OGTT Glucose-based DI (gbDI) % | [(216.25 × 216.25) / (AUCg × AUCg)] × 100 |
| HOMA1-S | 405 / (G0 × I0) |
| HOMA1-IR | 1 / HOMA1-S or (G0 × I0) / 405 |
| HOMA1-B | (360 × I0) / (G0 − 63) |
| HOMA1-DI | HOMA1-B × HOMA1-S |
| Matsuda Insulin Sensitivity | 10000 / √(G0 × I0 × Gmean × Imean) |
| ISSI-2 | (AUCi / AUCg) × Matsuda |
3. Clinical Significance
| Index | Reference | Clinical significance |
|---|
| OGTT Insulin Secretion (%) | ~100% | Higher values suggest amplified insulin response; lower values suggest reduced β-cell secretory response. |
| Composite OGTT Insulin Resistance (%) | <100% | Higher values indicate greater integrated insulin resistance across the OGTT. |
| OGTT Glucose-based DI (gbDI) % | ≥100% | Lower values suggest inadequate β-cell compensation relative to glycemic load. |
| HOMA1-S | >0.55 | Higher values indicate better fasting insulin sensitivity. |
| HOMA1-IR | <1.7 | Higher values suggest greater fasting insulin resistance, particularly hepatic insulin resistance. |
| HOMA1-B | >100 | Reflects basal β-cell function; interpretation is best alongside HOMA1-S and HOMA1-DI. |
| HOMA1-DI | >100 | Represents fasting β-cell compensation; lower values suggest inadequate compensation for insulin resistance. |
| AUC-Glucose | ~216.25 | Higher values indicate increased total glycemic exposure during OGTT. |
| AUC-Insulin | ~105.43 | Higher values indicate greater total insulin exposure during OGTT. |
| Matsuda | >3.33 | Lower values indicate reduced whole-body insulin sensitivity. |
| ISSI-2 | >2.63 | Lower values suggest reduced dynamic β-cell compensation. |
4. Phenotype Logic
| Pattern | Interpretation |
|---|
| FPG <100 + OGTT normal | No Diabetes |
| FPG <100 + HOMA-IR elevated | Insulin resistance without dysglycemia |
| FPG <100 + 30 min >155 | Mid-zone Hyperglycemia (30 min raised) |
| FPG <100 + 30 min >155 + 60 min >155 | Mid-zone Hyperglycemia (60 min raised) |
| FPG <100 + 60 min >155 | Mid-zone Hyperglycemia (Both 30 & 60 min raised) |
| FPG 100–125 + 2h <140 | Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) |
| FPG 100–125 + 2h 140–199 | IFG + impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) |
| 2h 140–199 | Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) |
| 2h ≥200 | Diabetes |